Medical Information

Within most schools at any one time, there will be a small number of children infected with head lice. Infection levels remain fairly constant so we need your help to combat the bugs! We understand your frustrations and concerns regarding head lice. Here are some answers to your questions:-

Who is responsible for the prevention of head lice?

It remains parental responsibility to detect and administer treatment for head lice to their own children.

Why do you not exclude children from school who have head lice?

This is not an option. The Department for Children, Schools and Families advises that children should not be excluded. The reason for this is that although head lice are unpleasant it is not classed as an infectious disease, which warrants keeping a pupil away from school.

Why will we no longer receive letters when there is an outbreak of head lice?

Most schools are likely to have a few children with head lice at any one time. On that basis, ‘alert’ letters could potentially be required every day of the school year. ‘Alert’ letters also frequently lead parents to attempt to treat their children preventatively, which is neither effective nor advised. Head lice infection cannot be prevented, and over-use of insecticide treatments may lead to resistance.

What is the school doing to help control infection?

By working closely with parents and children and promoting the head lice policy we can hopefully make a difference. We will provide advice and support to parents. If your child is suspected of having head lice we will inform you directly and request that you check your child and treat if necessary.

What can I do as a parent to help control infection?

As previously mentioned, it is parental responsibility to detect and administer treatment for head lice to their own children. We would like you to check your child for head lice once a week using a nit comb which are available from the local chemist. From time to time you may receive ‘Once a week, take a peek’ messages to remind you of our campaign to ‘take a peek!’ in your child’s hair. This is a reminder to check your child’s hair as head lice don’t always cause an itchy scalp (head) so many people will be unaware that they are infected. We understand girls like to wear their hair down but we do suggest that long hair is tied up to minimise head to head contact in school. Treating head lice is not a problem. Detection and effective ongoing treatment of head lice is key to reducing outbreaks.

What If Head Lice Are Still There After Treatment?

If you still find live lice after you finish the treatment either its failed or there has been a re-infestation. If the treatment failed you’ll usually find lice of all stages but a re-infestation will have less lice if discovered quickly. You’ll need to treat again so make sure:

• If you’re using an pesticide change to a different type of treatment
• You use a good quality comb if you’re using the ‘Bug Busting’ method
• You read the instructions carefully and follow them exactly
• You use enough treatment to cover the whole head and full length of hair
• You leave the treatment on for long enough
• You complete the treatment course

How Do I Get Rid of Head Lice?

Wet combing method.

The wet combing (‘bug-busting’) method is physically removing lice using a nit comb, without using chemical treatments. This method can be helpful because head lice are growing increasingly resistant to the insecticides used to remove them. However, success depends on adopting a painstaking approach of regular and thorough combing. The best procedure is as follows:

• Wash the hair as normal using an ordinary shampoo.
• Apply conditioner liberally to wet hair (this causes the lice to lose their grip).
• Comb the hair through with a normal comb first, until the comb runs freely.
• Then, with a fine-toothed nit comb, comb from the roots along the complete length of the hair and after each stroke, check the comb for lice and wipe it clean. Work methodically over the whole head for at least 30 minutes.
• Rinse the hair as normal.
• Repeat every three days for at least two weeks.

Medicated lotion or rinse

Ask your pharmacist for an over-the-counter insecticide lotion or dimeticone (non-insecticide) lotion. Only use a lotion if you find a living (moving) head louse. Apply the preparation according to the instructions, and remove the lice and eggs with a fine-toothed nit comb. Take care when applying treatment, because the preparations are usually toxic. The normal advice is to treat once, and repeat seven days later:

• insecticide lotion should be left on for 12 hours or overnight and repeated after seven days;
• dimeticone lotion should be left on for eight hours or overnight and repeated after seven days.

Make sure you have enough lotion to treat all those affected in your family. The lotion may be capable of killing eggs, as well as lice, but there is no certainty of this. Check for baby lice hatching out from eggs three to five days after you use it, and again at 10-12 days.

Resistance

If the lice appear to be unaffacted by the product (some lice may have developed resistance to a particular insecticide) or if the problem persists, take advice from your school nurse, health visitor, pharmacist or GP.

Caution

Always ask for advice before using medicated lotions on young babies (under six months), pregnant women or people with asthma or allergies, and always read the instructions carefully. Pregnant women are advised to use either wet combing or dimeticone, which is licensed for use in pregnancy and breastfeeding

How Do I Look For Head Lice?

To diagnose a case of head lice you need to find them alive. This is when you need to use a treatment. They move fast and are small – so they can be hard to find! Head lice range in sizes from a full stop to a sesame seed.

Where to Peek:

• Close to the scalp
• Behind the ears
• The back of the neck
• The top of the head
• Under the fringe

What to Peek for:

• Adult lice are 2-4 mm long. Immature lice are even smaller
• Live lice remain close to the scalp
• Nits are dead or empty egg shells. Simply remove these by comb/hand

Checking for lice might not be your idea of fun but it’s really no big deal and shouldn’t be a stressful experience for you or your child. It is just a normal part of every family’s personal hygiene routine, like brushing your teeth or washing your hair, so a good time to do it would be watching the TV or at bath-time. You could make this experience even more stress-free by:

• Showing your child how to check their own hair
• Using the weekly peek as an opportunity to tell a story or ask about their day
• Asking them to check your hair for you
• Rewarding your child for each week’s successful search
• Turning it into a fun game of hide and seek
• Putting their favourite TV programme on whilst checking

Good lighting is important and so is comfort! Comb for lice, parting hair in small sections and returning from time to time to areas you’ve already covered just to make sure.

Head Lice, the Facts!

Head lice are live insects. Their empty eggs are called nits. Lice are wingless insects that hold on to the hair, feeding from the blood in the scalp. They spread through head-to-head contact but contrary to common belief, they do not jump. Adult females live for up to a month and lay around five eggs a day. Head lice are seen as part of school life – as children spend so much time playing and learning together, it is very easy for them to spread. Lice also spread when heads come in contact so sleepovers, after-school activities, playing with friends and visiting family are also common places for children, and adults, to pick them up and pass them on.

Key Head Lice Facts:

• Head lice are common among young children and their families
• Head lice don’t spread disease
• Head lice can be spread from adults to children and back again
• There’s nothing to be embarrassed or ashamed about having head lice
• Having head lice has nothing to do with good or bad personal hygiene
• Lice eggs hatch after around 7 days so two applications are always needed to make sure all lice have been killed
• There are pesticide, non-pesticide, combing and alternative treatments on the market. Your pharmacist will be able to help you work out which is best for you and your family

Ask For Help

If you are at all worried, please ask us for help. We may be able to help, or advise where to go for help if head lice persist.

NHS information about headlice

Parents of children living with allergies can help the school care for their child by taking responsibility for keeping staff informed about their child’s allergic condition(s) for example you can;

• Inform the school that your child has an allergy at the time they are enrolled or when the diagnosis is made by your child’s health care professional.
• Work together with staff to develop a risk minimisation plan that is specific to your child.
• Provide the school with your child’s up-to-date allergy action plan that has been signed by your child’s doctor.
• Provide staff with an emergency medical kit for your child including any prescribed medications such as an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI).
• Regularly check the expiry date of any required medications.

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Warts on the soles of the feet are called verrucas. They’re quite common, as nearly one in three children or young people have them. They may be painful, but usually aren't harmful and generally clear up on their own. 

If required, they can be removed more quickly with treatment. Treatment often involves using salicylic acid or freezing verrucas with liquid nitrogen or a cold spray. 

What are the causes of verrucas? 

Warts or verrucas are generally caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). They don’t spread easily, but can be passed from one person to the next through close skin contact or by touching contaminated objects or surfaces, such as: 

• Changing room floors

• Areas around swimming pools

• Socks, shoes and towels 

The chance of infection increases if your child’s skin is wet or damaged. After becoming infected, it can take weeks or sometimes months for a verruca to appear. 

What are the signs & symptoms of verrucas? 

Verrucas can be uncomfortable, especially if they are on a weight bearing area of the foot. They’re often white, with a black dot in the middle, are usually flat rather than raised, and are generally found on the soles of the feet. 

How are verrucas prevented? 

Verrucas are caused by a virus and can be spread through close skin contact. Some ways to prevent your child from getting a verruca include making sure they: 

• Don't share items such as towels, socks or shoes

• Wear flip-flops in changing rooms and on the poolside

If they have a verruca already, make sure your child avoids scratching or picking at a verruca, as that can worsen the problem. They should also: 

• Avoid touching it and always wash their hands after doing so

• Change their socks every day

• Cover any verrucas with plasters if they're going swimming

How are verrucas treated? 

Most verrucas will eventually clear up without treatment. About half of all children who have this type of wart will find they have disappeared within a year without treatment. The chance that a verruca will go away quickly is more common in children and young people. As treatment can be time-consuming and uncomfortable, it’s often best to simply let your child’s verruca heal on its own. It can be worth treating a verruca if it’s particularly painful or conspicuous. 

Treatment options include over-the-counter treatments such as creams, gels, skin paints and medicated plasters containing salicylic acid. Cold sprays which can freeze the verruca are another over-the-counter option.

Your child’s doctor may also freeze the verruca so that it falls off a few weeks later. Sometimes this can take a few sessions. 

When should you take your child to visit a GP for a verruca? 

Take your child to seek advice from a GP if:  

• Your child has many verrucas or gets them frequently

• Over-the-counter treatments haven’t worked

• A verruca spreads, bleeds, changes in appearance or causes significant pain, distress or embarrassment

• They have diabetes

Next steps 

• If your child has a verruca, ask your pharmacist about treatments such as salicylic acid

• If pharmacy treatments don’t work, or if the verruca is painful, take your child to visit a GP 

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